Management of Orbital Trauma

Management of Orbital Trauma

Jae-Yeol Lee

Pusan National University 

Trauma to the orbit is always complex, and adequate therapy requires that the surgeon be familiar with the detailed anatomy of the orbit and the pattern of injury of the soft and hard tissue components. Preoperative CT, MRI scans, or both are mandatory for diagnosis and proper planning of reconstruction.

Although generally-accepted guidelines have been developed for the maximal interval between trauma and reconstructive surgery, Controversies exist regarding the indications for surgery, the timing of surgery, and the best reconstruction material.

The management of orbital fractures has evolved with the advent of craniofacial techniques, computed tomography scanning, and rigid fixation. Accurate diagnosis followed by early and aggressive treatment of these injuries can limit the late complications often associated with orbital trauma. The fundamental principles in the management of facial fractures are adequate surgical exposure, anatomic reduction, rigid fixation, and reconstruction using autogenous bone. In this presentation, these key principles along with the pertinent anatomy, important technical points, and common pitfalls related to the management of orbital fractures will be discussed. Special considerations regarding management of post-traumatic complications will be also reviewed.